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Ketorolac, sold under the brand names Toradol, Acular and Sprix, among others, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for the short-term treatment of moderate to severe pain. Its use is generally limited to no more than five days because extended treatment increases the risk of serious adverse effects. It can be taken by mouth, by nose, by injection into a vein or muscle, and as eye drops. Effects begin within an hour and last for up to eight hours. Ketorolac also has antipyretic (fever-reducing) properties.
Read the full article on Wikipedia“Chemically, ketorolac functions as a carboxylic acid derivative serving non-selectively to block the prostaglandin synthesis by inhibition of prostaglandin G/H synthesis 1 and 2. Prostaglandin functions in the body as a messenger for contraction/relaxation of smooth muscle and modulation of inflammation; inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis thus prevents inflammation. The primary mechanism of action responsible for ketorolac's anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects is the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by competitive blocking of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX). Ketorolac is a non-selective COX inhibitor. It is considered a first-generation NSAID, a group of drugs that non-selectively inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, which can lead to gastrointestinal side effects. In contrast, later generations of NSAIDs are designed to selectively inhibit COX-2, aiming to reduce inflammation with fewer gastrointestinal issues.”
“4 to 6 hours, young adults;4.7 h to 8.6 h, elderly (mean age 72)”
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