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Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. It is the most abundant sugar monomer (or monosaccharide) in the biosphere. The primary source of new glucose from inorganic sources is through photosynthesis by plants and most algae, which synthesize glucose from water and carbon dioxide using the energy from sunlight. Glucose is used by plants to make the glucose polysaccharide cellulose, the most abundant carbohydrate in the world, for use in cell walls, and by all living organisms to replenish adenosine triphosphate (ATP) inside cells, which is used by cells to store energy for phosphorylation. It is also used in the synthesis of complex sugar chains called glycans, to be attached to other macromolecules through glycosylation. Glucose is often abbreviated as Glc.
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