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Armodafinil, sold under the brand name Nuvigil, is a wakefulness-promoting medication that is used to treat excessive daytime sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and shift work disorder. It is also used off-label for certain other indications. The drug is taken by mouth.
Read the full article on WikipediaNarcolepsy Clinical criteria: Treatment Phase: Initial 1 - treatment of narcolepsy without cataplexy Treatment criteria: Must be treated by a qualified sleep medicine practitioner or neurologist. The treatment must be for use when therapy with dexamfetamine sulfate poses an unacceptable medical risk; OR The treatment must be for use when intolerance to dexamfetamine sulfate is of a severity to necessitate treatment withdrawal, AND Patient must have experienced excessive daytime sleepiness, recurrent naps or lapses into sleep occurring almost daily for at least 3 months, AND Patient must have a mean sleep latency less than or equal to 10 minutes on a Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT); OR Patient must have an electroencephalographic (EEG) recording showing the pathologically rapid development of REM sleep, AND Patient must not have any medical or psychiatric disorder that could otherwise account for the hypersomnia. The presence of any one of the following indicates treatment with dexamfetamine sulfate poses an unacceptable medical risk: (a) a psychiatric disorder; (b) a cardiovascular disorder; (c) a history of substance abuse; (d) glaucoma; (e) any other absolute contraindication to dexamfetamine sulfate as specified in the TGA-approved Product Information. The MSLT must be preceded by nocturnal polysomnography. Sleep prior to the MSLT must be at least 6 hours in duration. The authority application must be made in writing and must include the following: (a) details of the proposed prescription; and (b) a completed Narcolepsy Initial PBS authority application and Supporting information form; and (c) details of the contraindication or intolerance to dexamfetamine sulfate; and (d) either: (i) the result and date of the polysomnography test and Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) conducted by, or under the supervision of, a qualified sleep medicine practitioner; or (ii) the result and date of the electroencephalograph (EEG), conducted by, or under the supervision of, a neurologist. The polysomnography, MSLT or EEG test reports must be provided with the authority application.
“The mechanism of action of armodafinil is not fully known. It has wake-promoting actions similar to sympathomimetic agents including amphetamine and methylphenidate, although its pharmacologic profile is not identical to that of the sympathomimetic amines. Armodafinil binds in vitro to the dopamine transporter (DAT) and inhibits dopamine reuptake. For modafinil, this activity has been associated in vivo with increased extracellular dopamine levels. In genetically engineered mice lacking the DAT, modafinil lacked wake-promoting activity, suggesting that this activity was DAT-dependent. The wake-promoting effects of modafinil, unlike those of amphetamine, were not antagonized by the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol in rats. In addition, α-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMPT), a dopamine synthesis inhibitor, blocks the action of amphetamine but does not block locomotor activity induced by modafinil.[citation needed]”
“10–17 hours”
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